London — It’s a firm principle of Balancing Act’s News Update that we don’t blow our own trumpet. But forgive me for making this week an exception. Manchester University Press published my book Africa 2.0 – Inside a Continent’s Communications Revolution (Russell Southwood) last week.

The book is an ambitious 35-year history of the impact of mobile and internet on Sub-Saharan Africa. It starts with the launch of Miko Rwayitare and Joe Gatt’s Telecel in 1986 in what was then Zaire (now DRC) and comes right up to date with the development of Africa’s digital life and digitally-based start-ups. It covers both the positive (the spread of mobile calling and mobile internet) and the negative (corruption and things like ‘hustle’ culture around start-ups).

It’s written as I’ve always written over the last 22 years: enthusiastic about things that can make a contribution to change but not afraid to call out bad practices or things that have failed. Although it’s a book that contains ideas about why things happened the way they did, it’s very much a set of human stories. I carried out 137 original interviews to ask people why they thought things happened the way they did and to give eyewitness accounts.

Books are hard work to write so why did I do it? The impact of mobile calling and internet on Sub-Saharan Africa is arguably one of the biggest economic and social development stories of the last two decades. And whilst I thoroughly enjoy the weekly ‘smell of the BS and the roar of the crowd’, too much technology writing – and I plead as guilty as the next person – is in the future perfect sense. There is an over urgent sense that something is going to happen ‘real soon now’. And if you work in the industry, I think you’ll find the book helpful in taking a long view of the past before turning towards what the future might hold.

People in tech do not always appreciate that human behavior often changes much more slowly than the rate of new technology development. The reason it’s a human story is because Africans have always defined how they have used technologies and have chosen to use certain things and not others. So for example, although mobile money is undoubtedly one of the continent’s great success stories, Sub-Saharan Africa still has a continuing love affair with cash, which is much more widely used than its digital equivalents.

A great deal has been written about the huge changes bought about by mobile voice but arguably internet will have a profounder impact in the long-term. And we’re only really at the beginning of that part of this double-headed story. So the book looks at the 35-year long arc of change that involves both mobile and internet.

It is a ‘first draft’ history that looks at the forces that drove and opposed these changes. It looks at who has benefitted from them so far and the continuing digital divide in terms of among other things gender, education and literacy and language.

So what’s in the book? The chapter topics are as follows: the rise of mobile calling; bandwidth as the digital economy’s fuel; mobile internet, handsets and apps; mobile money; African digital life; digital’s impact on development; industry corruption, start-ups addressing deep market challenges and doing complexity: making sense of what happened.

To order:

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In Brief

Cameroon: State-owned fixed and mobile operator CamTel has signed an agreement with the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development to deploy fixed broadband infrastructure and services to new housing projects to promote urban infrastructure development. Journal du Cameroun reports that CamTel has agreed to equip new urban areas, including Olembe and Banga-Bakoko, with telecoms services.

South Africa: South Africans will pay $89M for digital content and services this year through Direct Carrier Billing (DCB). This figure will register a YoY growth rate of 16% over the next four years to reach $159M in 2026, according to the analysis “DCB evolution and trends 2022-2026” carried out by Telecoming, a company specialized since 2008 in monetization technology for sport and entertainment. DCB spending in South Africa represents around 15% of the global market in Africa and the Middle East, placing it as one of the most relevant countries by billing. South Africans currently spend an average of $4.2 per month on digital content. By 2026, this average figure will reach $5.5/month/user. The digital market is largely the one that most stimulates users when it comes to paying for their purchases through the operator. The most popular content paid with DCB is, in this order, video games, videos and music. Specifically, these categories will represent an expense of $86M in 2022. Download document: https://bit.ly/3zjJD9q

Cassava Technologies, Africa’s first integrated tech company of continental scale, announced today that it has secured a US$50 million investment from C5 Capital (C5), a specialist venture capital firm that invests in cyber security, space, and energy security. The investment is part of a broader funding round to accelerate Cassava’s growth. The investment by C5 will contribute to the acceleration of the work that Cassava has undertaken to increase digital connectivity and inclusion on the continent. Cassava will be the go-to market partner in Africa for C5’s cutting edge portfolio companies to deliver best-in-class cyber security, satellite and space technology and clean energy.

South Africa: MTN Group has entered discussions to acquire South African telecoms operator Telkom. The two companies said in separate press releases that ‘discussions are at an early stage and there is no certainty that the transaction will be consummated.’ The deal is likely to face regulatory hurdles, however, as it would effectively create a duopoly in South Africa’s mobile market. MTN is said to have made a bid for Telkom on at least two occasions in the past, dating back at least a decade.

Nigeria: The Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) has published several draft regulatory documents and invited comments on them from the public and industry stakeholders. The draft legislative documents include: Type Approval Regulations; Guidelines on Short Code Operation in Nigeria; Guidelines on Technical Specifications for the Deployment of Communications Infrastructure; Guidelines on Advertisements and Promotions; and Consumer Code of Practice Regulations. Interested parties have been invited to both make written submissions on the documents by 25 July and participate in public inquiries scheduled for August 2022.

African tech startups raised more funding in the first six months of 2022 than they did across the entirety of 2021, with total investment hitting US$2.275 billion. The seventh edition of Disrupt Africa’s annual African Tech Startups Funding Report, released in January, found 564 startups raised a combined US$2,148,517,500 in 2021, a record for a calendar year. Yet that record has already fallen within the first half of 2022, in which 303 startups banked a whopping US$2.275 billion, meaning 2022 is already the best year ever for investment into the ecosystem. It means the sector is on course to increase total funding raised by 100 per cent year-on-year. Nigeria is leading the way, with 98 companies having raised a combined US$691.8 million since January. This is still short of the US$903,680,000 raised by Nigerian ventures in 2021, though that target is easily surpassable given the current rate of investment.

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International

oi-Deepika S

United Nations, July 24: The World Health Organization on Sunday called on countries in South – East Asia Region to strengthen surveillance and public health measures for monkeypox, with the disease being declared a public health emergency of international concern.

“Monkeypox spreading rapidly & to countries that haven’t seen it before. Cases concentrated among men who have sex with men. Our measures should be sensitive, devoid of stigma or discrimination,” said Dr Poonam Khetrapal Singh, Regional Director, WHO South-East Asia Region.

The World Health Organisation said the expanding monkeypox outbreak in more than 70 countries is an “extraordinary” situation that now qualifies as a global emergency, a declaration Saturday that could spur further investment in treating the once-rare disease and worsen the scramble for scarce vaccines.

WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus made the decision to issue the declaration despite a lack of consensus among members of WHO’s emergency committee. It was the first time the chief of the U.N. health agency has taken such an action.

WHO declares monkeypox a global emergency

“In short, we have an outbreak that has spread around the world rapidly through new modes of transmission about which we understand too little and which meets the criteria in the international health regulations,” Tedros said.

“I know this has not been an easy or straightforward process and that there are divergent views among the members” of the committee, he added.

Although monkeypox has been established in parts of central and west Africa for decades, it was not known to spark large outbreaks beyond the continent or to spread widely among people until May, when authorities detected dozens of epidemics in Europe, North America and elsewhere.

Declaring a global emergency means the monkeypox outbreak is an “extraordinary event” that could spill over into more countries and requires a coordinated global response.

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 16,000 cases of monkeypox have been reported in 74 countries since about May. To date, monkeypox deaths have only been reported in Africa, where a more dangerous version of the virus is spreading, mainly in Nigeria and Congo.

By Chidi Anselm Odinkalu

The story is told of a former governor of a state in north-central Nigeria who approached his friend, a Senior Advocate of Nigeria (SAN), for advice on a very pressing matter. The governor wanted this senior lawyer to advise him on whom among the candidates running to be president of the Nigerian Bar Association (NBA), the then ruling party should support. Mind you, the governor was not a member of the NBA nor was his party led by one. Somewhat perplexed, the lawyer asked the governor what his interest was in an association in which he was not a member. Without breaking a stride, the Governor is reported to have responded: “don’t you know that the NBA is too important to be left alone?” 

To be eligible to vote in the NBA election, a member must belong to one of the Association’s 125 branches and must have paid their annual Bar Practising Fees (BPF) not later than 31 March in the election year. In 2022, 59,388 people met this threshold. Balloting was digital, supervised by an Electoral Committee (ECNBA), led by Ayodele Akintunde SAN. 

Voting took place over 24 hours starting from midnight on 16 July. 34,809 people representing 59% of those eligible, voted. 1,346 or 2.26% of the ballots could not be delivered mostly because of errors in the addresses of the voters. Yakubu Maikyau, SAN received 22,342 or 64.6% of the votes to emerge as president-elect, beating Joe Kyari-Gadzama, SAN who received 10,842 or 31.4%. Jonathan Taidi took 1,380 or 4% of the votes to emerge third. There were healthy contests down ballot: Ms. Linda Bala received 21,717 or 66.3% of the votes cast to beat out two others for the office of first Vice-President, while Adegbite Adesina received 18,536 or 56.2% of the votes to emerge as the General Secretary-elect. 

This biennial ritual in which the NBA elects its national leadership holds the attention of the country for good reason. The NBA is the largest professional association in the country (if not necessarily the oldest). It also packs a weight in both power and dysfunction way beyond the number of its voting members. When it works, the NBA is an exemplar and when it fails to do so, it is a drag on the country. Among the highlights from this latest round, there are five takeaways.

Popular singer, Ayodeji Balogun, aka Wizkid, has been at the receiving end of a deluge of criticisms following his absence from the graduation ceremony of his first son, Boluwatife Balogun.

Boluwatife graduated from Chrisland Schools, Lagos, during the week and his excited mum, Shola Ogudu, took to her Instagram page to share pictures and videos of the ceremony.

However, amidst the celebration, some fans were not pleased that Wizkid missed such an important event in his son’s life.

A follower, Vivi, wrote, “Why is Daddy Wizkid not there. This is not nice at all. Well, congratulations, big boy”

Apara added, “Machala is never available.”

Another fan, Boirymo said, “Wizkid did not come. If it were Zion (the singer’s son with manager, Jada Pollock), he would have been there. Congratulations, our superstar.”

Nancy wrote, “See how happy the child is. I don’t know why I’m pained that his dad is never rooting for him, but it is well.”

Miss Patrick wrote, “Where is Wizkid, or he does not count you as one of his children. This is so bad of him.”

Recall that in 2018, Shola had bashed the singer for not always been there for their son. She went on to share a series of messages she exchanged with the singer which portrayed him as not always been available even during important moments in Boluwatife’s life. At the time, one of her posts read, “Being a mum and a dad, and still manage to slay all at once on a legitimate income. Please, I need my accolades served chilled because it is very well deserved.